00:00 Good day, everyone. My name is Mr. Eiffel. I am your basic science instructor. A lesson

00:20 for today sees family health. At the end of the class, students will be able to define

00:29 sanitation and state it's importance. She is able to define the term nutrition,

00:35 explain what balance diet is, and also give two examples. Define drug abuse and state it's

00:45 effect. Sanitation. Sanitation can be defined as the process whereby our bodies,

00:56 clothes, shoes, and environments are kept clean at all times to prevent the microbial infections.

01:03 Sanitation is simply we taking care of our environments, taking care of our bodies,

01:12 and everything that could cause us illness or that could land us to the hospital.

01:18 When we keep our environments clean, when we keep ourselves clean, or keep our bodies clean,

01:24 it's a safe horse money that will be using to buy drugs to treat illness. You can see from the

01:33 picture below, this is an example of those that are trying to sanitize the environment

01:47 using chemicals to clean everywhere.

01:50 Personal health is a state of well-being of our actual body, mind, and the way we feel about ourselves

02:02 and others. It is also defined by the world of organization as a complete physical, mental,

02:10 and social webbing of human beings and not mere the absence of disease. So personal health is not

02:18 just that when you have the absence of disease, when you don't have disease. It's us to do with the

02:25 mental state, the physical state, the well-being of a person generally. What are the importance of

02:35 sanitation? Why should we sanitize our environment? Number one, it's a reduce to the variable minimum

02:45 the number of jumps or pathogens in our bodies and environment. There are jumps, there are pathogens,

02:53 there are things that bring diseases to our environment. When we'll begin to sanitize the

03:01 environment, it is going to reduce to the various minimum of jumps. Look at the gutters, the drainage.

03:10 If we decide to leave stagnant water, it is going to breed jumps, it's going to breed mosquitoes.

03:18 That is why we have a lot of mosquitoes around us because we do not clean our gutters. When we use

03:26 things, we are supposed to dispose them in the dust bin, the waste bin, but some of us will

03:33 throw them in the gutters and in the drainage and so they begin to block things or water, the moving

03:40 water will not be able to pass. Number two, it will give us good looks and good health. If you have

03:49 a proper sanitation, you're expected to have a good health and you would also look good.

03:57 Number three, it's any good health to save money that we might have spent on drugs and medical

04:05 abuse. Like I said, the environment is clean. If you stay in a conducive environment that is clean

04:10 and comfortable, you will not fall sick and it's going to save you of the cost of visiting

04:18 the hospital frequently. Number four, it enables us to feel happy at all times,

04:25 imagine that you are in a very clean environment. You will naturally feel happy. Number five,

04:32 it makes us look neat and attractive in the public. Everybody wants to associate and move with

04:38 clean people. If you are not neat, people will run away from you. You will not feel attractive. So

04:46 it's going to make you look attractive in the public. Number six, it reduces government

04:52 expenses or medical treatment of the citizens. Not just that, it will help you. Even the government

05:00 is going to have the government to reduce expenses of paying for hospital bills for their citizens.

05:06 Number seven, it makes us energetic and able to perform our duties when you are not sick

05:15 you'll be able to perform your duties. You can only be sick when your surroundings

05:21 are not sanitized, when you do not take proper care of your body. The heights, you need to take

05:27 proper care of it. The heat, you need to clean it. You need to clean it constantly. Your mouth,

05:33 you need to brush regularly and you need to back regularly.

05:42 Methods of keeping your body clean. What are the methods of keeping your body clean?

05:49 Number one, take your bath regularly. When you wake in the morning,

05:55 it is expected that you take your bath and you do it appropriately. Number two,

06:02 cleaning of the fingers and the toe nails. You have your nails in your finger and your toes. You

06:10 need to cut them. You need to trim them regularly and also you clean them. Number three,

06:16 cleaning of the nose. You clean the nose. You don't use sharp object to clean the nose. You can

06:23 use cotton wool to clean the nose and make sure that whatever you are not using, whatever you are

06:29 using is not chemical. You don't pour water in your nose until you want to clean it. No, that's

06:35 to be wrong. Number four, cleaning of the ears, like I said, you use the cotton

06:42 board to clean the ears. Clean of the eyes. You need to clean your eyes. You don't just chemicals

06:50 to clean the eyes. Clean of the hair. When you take your bath to clean, you wash your air. There are

06:56 times that you need to concentrate on the air more using soap and water. For the ladies, they use

07:02 the shampoo. Cleaning of their hands. At all times, you need to wash your hands with soap

07:10 because of jumps. They are jumps that we cannot see with our natural eyes except the use of

07:18 microscope. Jumps can leave any way. So we need to wash our hands. Do not use your hands to eat

07:26 anything. Wash your hands very well. The next one. Cleaning of the feet. We need to clean our feet

07:37 regularly. Cleaning of the teeth. You brush your teeth regularly. Cleaning of the clothes.

07:46 Wash your clothes. Jumps will stay on clothes if you don't wash them. In fact, if you don't wash

07:53 your clothes and you put them on, you'll be smelling. So we need to wash our clothes. You wash them well

07:59 and you properly dry them under the sun so that they do not smell. Clean of the shoes. You need to

08:07 clean your shoes regularly before you put them on. You don't just put them on every morning. You clean

08:13 it. So how do we take proper care of the ears, the nose and the eyes? Cleaning of the ears, the nose

08:22 and the hikes. You must be technical and carefully about the way you wash the ears, the nose and the

08:30 hikes when you're removing dust and dirt. There are technicalities. You don't just comb. You don't

08:36 just stick sharp objects and begin to clean the nose and begin to clean the ears. When you do that,

08:42 you will damage the organs. Yeah, you would see from the picture a mother trying to use the

08:52 cotton board to clean the ear of a daughter. The ear passage should be cleaned with cotton wool.

09:03 Only cotton wool should be used to clean the ear passage. The ear passage has a way of accepting

09:12 the dust and so germs are always in the dust. We cannot see them with our naked hikes but they have

09:19 a way of penetrating into the ear passage. So we use the cotton wool to clean them.

09:26 The nose. Do not use sharp objects in your nose. It is prohibited. You can see a girl using water

09:40 to clean her nose. This is not appropriate. This is wrong.

09:45 You should be careful in washing your nose. If you want to wash your nose, be careful.

09:54 You don't turn your head upside down and put the water in.

09:58 The hikes. Do not use chemicals like soap to wash the hikes. It is prohibited.

10:10 Avoid opening your hikes to a very bright light. Like the sun. If you open your hikes to the sun,

10:17 it can damage your hikes. And in no time, you would have to need a lens.

10:22 Nutrition. Nutrition is the intake of food by all living organisms. Living organisms like plants

10:34 and animals in order to live well. In order for living organisms to live well and to grow

10:41 they need nutrition. They need to take in food that will give them nutrients.

10:48 Food is a substance that we eat and digest in order to provide energy and help in building the body.

10:58 So we need to eat good food, balanced diet, containing the safe classes of food for us to grow

11:06 and receive a daily energy in order to do activities.

11:12 Food is also anything taken to provide energy, nutrients, to build the body, to replace one-out

11:22 cells. We have one-out cells, we have one-out tissues in our body. When they are worn out,

11:28 we need food to replace them. If we do not eat, we can die of starvation. And we need those food

11:36 to make us grow and develop a healthy body. It includes many things we eat and drink, except

11:45 alcohol, cigarettes and drugs. These things are prohibited if you want to have a healthy life.

11:53 Now what is balanced diet? Balance diet. An adequate diet or a balanced diet is one that is

12:05 sufficient in quantity and food nutrients in required amount and proportion. If you want to eat

12:15 you eat in the right quantity and in the right proportion and your food most contain the

12:25 nutrient that the body needs. An adequate diet is called balanced diet. The balanced diet is you

12:36 eating the six classes of food. You have carbohydrate vitamins, lipids and so on. In the course of the

12:43 class, we treat the rest. In terms of quantity, the human body requires more carbohydrates.

12:51 Followed by protein, followed by lipids, followed by vitamins, followed by minerals and then water.

13:00 Water is life. We need to take in water. It will eat eight digestion. Proceedios for

13:08 planning a balanced diet. Proceedios for planning a balanced diet. Number one,

13:13 plan in a tabula form, an adequate diet for your own, in your own part of Nigeria. The several parts

13:22 in Nigeria, those parts have their peculiar dish, their peculiar food. It is important for us to

13:30 know those, the constituents of those food and know the classes of the food so that you can have a

13:39 tabula form. Today's Monday, breakfast, lunch and dinner. These are the things we want to eat. So,

13:47 you need a tabula form that has an adequate diet for your food. Number two, use as far as possible

13:58 locally produced food items. Number three, in case where you have a choice, use food items you

14:06 personally prefer. Food items that you know that you can eat and you personally prefer because

14:14 we have allergies. Some food do not go well with our body system.

14:22 Types of food. What are the types of food? We have solid or liquid types of food. An example of solid

14:31 food is yum, rice, bread and beans. They are solid. Examples of liquid food is cocoa drink,

14:43 cocoa drink like the milo, the bonfireta, the milk and our fruit juice. Your orange, when you

14:51 extract it, you get the orange juice and so the water melon and the likes. So, they are examples of

15:00 liquid food. You can see from the diagram below, this is a cassava, it's a solid food and this is

15:08 yum. They are all on the ground plants. Here you have orange juice. Orange gives

15:18 vitamin, white yum gives carbohydrates. Serious, examples of serios are grain foods, rice,

15:32 cornflakes and the wheat. Fruit, you have mango, orange, lemon, apple, pie, guava, name it.

15:40 Vegetables, you have the hokras, spinach, water, leaf, lettuce. From the picture, you can see

15:51 apple, you can see cucumber, you can see the cornflakes, you can see cookies and you can see fruits

16:02 different kinds of fruits, the gibos and provide our body with vitamins.

16:07 Food can also be grouped into three categories according to the functions they perform in the body.

16:15 Three categories, according to the functions they perform in our bodies. These are number one,

16:22 energy-giving food. Number two, body-building food. Number three, protective food. Some give you energy,

16:32 some build the body and some protect the body. An example of energy-giving food are carbohydrates,

16:41 carbohydrates like cassava and yum, rice. So it's a carbohydrate. Fat and whole, they are

16:48 whole energy-giving food. Number two, body-building food. Example is the protein. A protein

16:56 can meet the source of protein, fish is also a source of protein. Number three, protective food.

17:04 EG vitamins are mineral salt. Examples of vitamins are basically our fruits.

17:11 Now let's move to drugs. What is drug? Drug is a substance used to treat an illness,

17:25 relieve its symptom or modify a chemical process in the body for its specific purpose. So

17:31 drugs are what we're taking to treat our illness. You can see from the diagram, you have

17:39 some drugs on the table. You have the syringe. So these are examples of drugs.

17:55 Drugs and substances are that than food that can affect the structure of function in living

18:04 organisms. Other than food, drugs can affect the structure or the function in any living organism.

18:13 Now, what is drug addiction? When the person is addicted to a particular drug,

18:21 and you cannot stop yourself from using that particular drug, you use it all the time.

18:26 That's what drug addiction is. Drug addiction is when a person uses a particular drug.

18:33 From time to time, and become unable to do without it. Maybe in the movie, you might have seen someone

18:41 who takes cocaine frequently and cannot do without taking cocaine. If they do not take cocaine,

18:48 if they prefer taking that cocaine, instead of food, natural food, they take it because they

18:56 are so used to eat. Now, in the picture below, you see plants, plants where drugs are made from.

19:08 This is opium. It is a source of morphine, codine, and eroing. This is marijuana.

19:18 The source of our Indian M and this plant is a source of cocaine. There is a lady in the picture

19:31 who is addicted to drugs. You can see the wishes lying down on the bed. Drugs abuse or misuse.

19:42 It is a patterned use of drugs in which the user consumes the drug in amounts or with method

19:49 neither approved nor supervised by medical professionals. When the doctor does not prescribe a drug for you

19:57 and you use it, it is termed as drug abuse. Or you use in an amount that is not prescribed.

20:06 More than what, for instance, you are taking plus or more. You are supposed to use maybe one or two

20:13 and you take four at a time. What you have done is drug abuse.

20:16 Drug abuse or misuse means the use of drugs for a purpose which is not suited. When you use a drug

20:25 for the purpose which it is not meant for, you have abused the drug. Number two, the use of a drug

20:31 for an appropriate purpose but is not properly dosed. If it is not properly dosed,

20:40 if you are supposed to use two or you are using one or you are supposed to use two and you are using

20:46 four at a time. To say drug abuse, drug abuse also means the excessive use of a drug without

20:51 regard to accepted medical practice. Side effect of drug abuse. It causes problem in the house.

21:00 There is no stability in the house because you are using drugs and an element to be creating

21:08 legal problems. You are going to create legal problems for you. If the government finds out that

21:12 you are using cocaine or any drug, it will create a legal problem for you. It can cost teenage

21:19 debts. If teenagers partake in drug abuse, it can cost debts. Post-school work, your academic

21:27 will suffer. As a result of drug abuse, loss of good friends. Those friends that would influence

21:33 it positively, they would begin to leave you when you start abusing drugs. Bad habit, you begin to

21:43 have bad habits that are not suitable to society. Suicide, you begin to contemplate society when

21:50 you begin to take out drugs. Violence, you be violent naturally. Why? Because those things

21:59 intoxicate. It can lead to early pregnancy, sexual transmitted infections, true using of syringe.

22:09 Sources of drugs. Number one, you have marijuana. We've talked about that before.

22:14 Our Indian M is gotten from that opium, saw that in the picture below that we treated before.

22:24 It seeds are used to prepare some food and as a source of hot.

22:32 Muffin. It is obtained from opium by chemical process. Eroin. It is a derivative of Muffin. It is

22:42 used medically and it is the most dangerous of the addictive drugs. Eroin is the most dangerous.

22:49 Cocaine. You can see Cocaine from the picture there. It is obtained from the coca tree. We saw it

22:57 previously. The commercial drug is obtained from the dry leaves by extraction with alcohol.

23:04 Alcohol. This is a chemical that can be found in palm wine. It is found in palm wine where you take

23:13 your palm wine and take it excessively. It can intoxicate you and you begin to misbehave.

23:19 It's in wines, it's in beers, stout and some strong alcoholic like gin, like whiskey and the wrong.

23:27 You have it in the picture below. Alcohol is classified as drug because it affects the sense

23:36 when it is abuse. You will not think straight when you abuse it. It is stimulant. It can courage you

23:45 into action. You begin to do things and you begin to it encourages action. It induces sleep.

23:53 You begin to sleep when you take it too much. Prolonged use of alcohol is harmful to the brain,

23:59 liver and other organs. It can damage your liver when you take it excessively.

24:06 Number 7 is cigarette and tobacco. That's the picture of cigarettes there. All forms of

24:12 tobacco smoking have been found to be dangerous to health. All forms of smoking have been found to be

24:21 dangerous to health. What are the uses of drugs? To combat disease. We can use drug to combat disease.

24:25 To save lives, to relieve suffering. However, some people use it and they abuse the drugs. They are

24:33 very good. But then the abuse is what is not acceptable. Causes of drug abuse. Curiosity. Some people

24:42 want to just try it out. Lack of self-confidence. So, we want to build their confidence and they begin

24:47 to take drugs. The sexual excitement. They just want to be excited. Reduce of stress and

24:54 frustration. When people are frustrated and they are stressed, they want to take drugs trying to

24:58 fit into a peer group. They want to fit and be a monk. Evaluation. Number 1. Define sanitation and

25:08 stay the importance of sanitation. Number 2. Listry method of keeping the school

25:15 and their own needs. Number 3. Define nutrition. Number 4. Give examples of different food

25:22 store in balanced diet. Number 5. Explain what is meant by drug abuse. Stayed different effects

25:31 of drug and substance abuse. Thank you for watching. I am Mystifer. Till next time.