00:00 Good day, everyone! My name is Mr. Ife and I'm your basic science instructor.

00:21 Our lesson topic says, "Resources from Non-Living Things, Solid Minerals."

00:32 The lesson objectives are the end of the class student to be able to name five solid minerals found in Nigeria.

00:41 Students should be able to mention and state where they are found and state the three uses of the solid minerals.

00:50 Students should be able to mention two uses of solid minerals.

00:55 Students should be able to draw a map of Nigeria showing the distribution of the solid mineral deposits.

01:05 Solid minerals. What are solid minerals?

01:10 They are naturally occurring chemical elements or compounds which are found in rocks or in soil.

01:19 Now, these solid minerals are found in soil or in some rocks.

01:26 You might have heard about mining before. You can also mine some of these minerals.

01:32 Examples of these minerals are gold, salt, tin, etc.

01:40 In the course of this lesson, you get to find out more.

01:44 Minerals can exist as solid or non-solid or they can exist as a combination of solid and non-solid.

01:56 All rocks are made up of minerals. You can find minerals in all rocks.

02:04 Rocks which contains a high concentration of the minerals of a particular metal from which it can be profitable mind is called the "O" of that metal.

02:16 For instance, iron ore. You get iron from iron ore. You get copper from copper ore, ETC.

02:32 Solid minerals have been found deposited in some parts of Nigeria in commercial quantities.

02:40 So, these minerals are found in some parts of Nigeria and they are of valuable importance to mine and the economy of Nigeria at large.

02:51 Due to their importance, the federal government established the Ministry of Solid Minerals to undo the matters of solid minerals.

03:03 Mind utilizing some of these minerals in their natural crude form. Why some of them have been combined with other materials.

03:13 The solid minerals can either be used in their crude form, their natural form, or you can mix with all other materials.

03:23 There are about 34 mineral resources in Nigeria and they include gold, zinc, diamond, limestone, zinc, copper, ETC.

03:37 The study of minerals is called "mineralogy". Why do those that study mineralogy is called "mineralogists"?

03:53 Now, let's look at some of the minerals where they are found in Nigeria. They are important and they use it.

04:05 The first one we will be considering is limestone. And limestone is also called calcium-trailsocabinate 4.

04:17 And where can limestone be found in Nigeria? In a boy's state. In a place called on Kalagu. In a way, Koru, Nia Abe Okuta. In Shagam. That's in Okun State.

04:33 It can also be found in Shokotu, Lokoja, Edo State, and Baochistit. Now, the importance of limestone. It is of great importance to man and the economy of Nigeria.

04:53 In such a way that it causes renomeration and attracts monetary value to the Nigeria economy.

05:05 Now, what's the use of limestone? It can be used to make cement and concrete. When you want to build your house, a house must be built on the solid foundation.

05:17 And without cement and concrete, the house can fall apart. It can be used in constructing bridges too.

05:25 No. 3. It can be used in the manufacture of soap. It is used in the manufacture of sodium-trailsocabinate 4, which is NACO2.

05:37 And also, it can be used as a softening agent in add water. Lastly, a part of raw materials in producing iron. Limestone can be used with some part of raw materials and it can be used to produce iron.

05:57 Now, where can gold be found? Gold can be found in ocean states, precisely in Malaysia. And also in Zanfarah, gold can be found in Zanfarah states.

06:13 Now, what is the importance of gold? It is of great importance to man.

06:23 And also, it can be used to generate monetary value to the Nigerian economy. Now, what's the use of gold? It can be used in making diaries.

06:39 And also, it can be used as a basis of international monetary transaction, where you use the gold to exchange for monetary value.

06:51 No. 3. Copper. Copper can be found in Benet City. Also, it can be found in Anambra. Now, what's the use of copper? No. 1.

07:07 When copper is mixed with zinc, it produces bronze. You might have seen in the finals of football, where they give the third person a medal in the form of bronze.

07:23 Now, this copper can also be used in producing tools and weapons. No. 2. When copper is mixed with bronze,

07:36 it can be made into coins. No. 3. It can be used as ornaments for decoration or pots. No. 4.

07:50 It can be used for making electrical wires or cables. If you look at the wires in the house, they are made of copper.

08:00 No. 5. For making water pipes and cylinders.

08:10 Thin. Thin can be found in Play 2 States and also in Boucher States. Now, what's the use of tin?

08:22 It is used in coating iron as a protection against corrosion. No. 2. It is used in making tin cans for storing food.

08:37 No. 5. Salt. Salt can be found in Aebon State. It can also be found in some coastal region of Nigeria.

08:49 And also, the lines from sea water that has evaporated. Those lines of the sea water. When the water evaporates, you see salt.

09:04 No. 4. A long benure river basin. You can find the salt. And the uses of salt. Salt serves as dietary purpose.

09:18 You can be used for preserving food. You want to preserve your fish or your meat for a long period.

09:29 Then add the salt to it, and it saves it from microorganisms that will make its perish.

09:35 No. 3. It is used in the manufacture of other important products like sodium, chloride or sodium hydroxide acid.

09:48 It can also be used in bleaches.

09:54 Lead can be found in Ogujah, in Cross River State. And also in Ebon State, precisely in Apakaliki. And also in Taraba State.

10:07 Now, what is the use of lead? No. 1. Lead serves as covering for underground water pipes. Those on the ground water pipes that connect water to our houses.

10:20 They are used, lead are used to serve as a covering tools for the underground water pipes.

10:28 No. 2. It serves as a shielding for X-rays. So that the X-ray emission will not autos, which use the lead to serve as a covering.

10:41 No. 3. It is used in car batteries. Most car batteries are manufactured with lead.

10:52 No. 7. Cold. Cold is found in Ebon State and also in Banyan State.

11:01 The use of cold. Cold is used as a source of fuel, either for cooking or driving automobiles.

11:11 Cold is a destructive distillation of cold that yields industrial products like coke, benzene and phenol.

11:27 The coke, which is used in the production of iron, the benzene is used in making plastics, dyes and explosive.

11:38 The coal is mixed in such a way that when you mix benzene and cold together, it is used in producing dyes, plastics and other explosives.

11:56 See, phenol for making drugs and antiseptics.

12:04 This is a map of Nigeria showing the location of some of the solid minerals.

12:10 We have gold. Gold is found in Oshun State and also in Castina.

12:21 We have copper. Copper is found in those states and also in Benue State.

12:33 Solid minerals cannot be used in the form in which they are found when dug out of the soil.

12:40 When solid minerals are dug out of the soil, you cannot just use them like that. They need to undergo some process.

12:48 They have to be refined into new products, which are useful.

12:53 The process is called refining.

12:56 Refining a mineral is done in factories built for its purpose.

13:02 The solid minerals cannot just be used immediately, they are dug out of the soil.

13:07 It has to go through a refining process.

13:10 You can see in the picture, you have a picture of a refining company and a refining machine.

13:23 Alright, crude. Extracting crude oil normally starts with drilling wells into an underground reservoir.

13:32 For you to extract crude, you need to dig into the well to an underground reservoir.

13:40 When an oil well has been taught, a geologist will note the presence of the oil well.

13:51 Impacts of petroleum exploration and development.

13:58 All phases of oil and gas exploration and development carry the risk of environmental disturbance.

14:06 When you are exploring natural resources, they carry out some noise disturbance and some environmental disturbance.

14:15 These disturbance can affect the landscape, it can affect the soil, it can affect the vegetation and also the water resources.

14:24 Potential environmental impact from oil and gas development activities include region.

14:35 It allows physical disturbance and noise, the region where you want to reach, it will allow physical disturbance and noise.

14:45 And also water pollution. In ninja delta, most of the rivers have been polluted.

14:53 It affects the site and our long transport routes. It will affect the soil, the bottom sediments will be affected,

15:03 the vegetation is going to kill some of the plants, it's going to be responsible for some of the animal behavioural pattern.

15:15 Crystallistic of solid minerals. Diamonds. Diamonds is hard with natural state and it is a lot of stress.

15:24 IE, it shines. Goat, naturally, it is loistros, it's glutes.

15:32 Coal is black in its natural state, marble is milky, and ion in its natural state is grey and brown.

15:43 Other importance of solid mineral resources. Siva and goat.

15:50 Siva, goat and diamond are used for making diaries, earrings, necklace, medals and trophies.

15:59 The wealth of a nation in foreign reserve is determined by the value of the goat.

16:06 Coal. It is also used in generating power, which is used in moving train.

16:13 In locomotive train, we use coal to move the train. Clay. Clay is a great sticky substance.

16:21 It is useful in poetry industry to mold, port and flower vases.

16:28 Sometimes it combines with limestone and it can be used to make cement and chalks.

16:35 Sand. This is used in making glass. Bit to many. For time, the road surface.

16:44 Zinc. For making roofing sheets.

16:51 Evaluation. Name five solid minerals found in Nigeria.

16:57 Number two. Measure the states where these mineral resources are found.

17:03 Number three, step the uses of the solid minerals.

17:07 Number four, mention two uses of solid minerals.

17:12 Number five, dry a map of Nigeria showing some of the distribution of the solid minerals.

17:20 Thank you for watching. I am Mr. Eiffel. Till next time.

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