Chemical Symbols and Formulae
The lesson covers the symbols of the first 20 elements and how to write chemical formulae and equations. It explains the differences between elements, compounds, and mixtures, as well as the concept of radicals and valency. The laws of conservation of mass and constant composition are also discussed
- 00:46 “sulfur, we use the phase letter S and some other examples like that. Combination of the phase, the next is, convolution of the phase letter, written in capital and one other letter from the name of the element, written i...”
- 02:30 “containing radicals. For example, calcium triosonitroid 5 contains two radicals of NO3. We have NON3 which is named sodium triosonitroid 5. It contains one radical and then we have ion3 hydrozyme. It contains three radic...”
- 17:18 “ion 3 chloride. The next KOH plus CO2 to give us K2 CO3 plus H2O. And then the next is C6 H2FO6 plus O2 to give us CO2 plus H2O. And the last is KCLO3 to give us KCL plus O2. All the equations are no balance. You need to...”
Carbon and its Allotropes
The lesson covers the characteristics of carbon as an element and its various forms, known as allotropes. It explains the presence of carbon in nature, its compounds, and the two types of carbon oxides. The importance of carbon in living systems and its economic significance is also discussed.
- 07:43 “we're looking at the history of damod, we find out that the carbon atoms are actually are in tetrahedral, talking about the XP-D3, XP-3, right? XP-3, XP-3 abedides. So that's abedides form of the carbon as the central at...”
- 08:29 “Three dimensional covalent bonds. So you'll see them in three, three. So here, you show you the distance between, vertical, between this bond, and the next one, is 154, it is a peakometer, actually, okay? As a unit, then...”
- 02:21 “in many minerals, such as cell hydrocabons, in natural gas, petroleum, et cetera. In air, carbon dioxide is present in small quantity, which is 0.03 percent. Of course, we know that part of the constituents of air, so ou...”
Particulate Nature of Matter
The lesson covers the distinction between physical and chemical changes, including examples. It explains the difference between atoms and molecules, describes the arrangement of particles in an atom, and defines atomic number, mass number, and isotopes. The calculation of relative atomic masses of a
- 28:42 “going to the next maximum of eight, the remaining one is three. So, for our evaluation, let's write and complete the electronic configuration of the first twenty elements. So, evaluation, evaluating what we have done, li...”
- 26:08 “like oxygen. Oxygen as atomic number eight, that is, it has eight electrons. And if I most put it into electronic configuration, if I should put it inside the shelf, it takes the innermost shelf first, it takes a maximum...”
- 12:21 “Which contain more than three. Like phosphorus, like sulfur. One molecule of it will contain more than three. Now, at the beginning of the lesson, we learned that scientists propound theories or principles. That is, a sc...”
Oxides of Carbon
This lesson covers the two types of carbon oxides: carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide. It explains their formation, characteristics, and methods of preparation in the laboratory. The lesson also defines the term allotrope and discusses the economic importance of these oxides.
- 35:26 “so you'll find out that for me, they then also measure three metals, basically that are very soluble in water, in the form of the hydro-t transocarbonyl. Thanks for watching, my name is Charles Christopher, till next tim...”
- 17:49 “in when I was explaining the laboratory, preparation of carbon dioxide. Okay, this is TSO4L, of course, this one is a kind of round bottom flux, okay? Then inside at the bottom of this one bottom flux, you have here to b...”
- 28:54 “So, this one is a compound of carbon, because carbon is actually found there as an element there, all right? This is actually M2, M2 here, I show you that, okay, if I put this N here, if I put this N here, you have N2 CO...”
Radioactivity and Its Types
This lesson covers the definition of radioactivity and the characteristics of radioactive elements. It explains the three types of radiation: alpha particles, beta particles, and gamma rays, along with their properties. The lesson also includes the concept of half-life and decay constants.
- 02:29 “That is anytime an alpha particle is emitted from a radioactive element. Then that means an atom of helium has been emitted and helium nuclei usually represented by 4 to H e. They are relatively I mass. They have little...”
- 03:19 “beta particle is emitted from a radiative substance, then they are atomic number. We increase by 1. Why the mass number will remain unchanged? Because the mass number is a 0. Beta particles are relatively light. They hav...”
- 04:05 “electrical in neutral. That is they have no charge. They have negligible mass. They have high penetrating power in A and solid and several meters in lead. They are not deflected by magnetic field. This is because they ha...”